Assisted Suicide is Not Medicine

Dr. Philip Dreisbach, a California oncologist and hematologist, recently wrote an excellent and compelling piece on the dangers of physician assisted suicide. Unfortunately, the article remains locked behind the Wall Street Journal’s pay wall. Allow me then to highlight a few sections of Dr. Dreisbach’s writing, quoting from it more extensively than I normally would.

He skillfully moves back and forth between highlighting problems specific to California’s recently enacted assisted suicide law and addressing larger issues with the very notion of physician assisted suicide.

Killing is never medical care. There is no circumstance when any compassionate, competent physician would prescribe a deadly drug to any patient. If “medical practice” has any meaning, it definitely does not include using drugs to willfully kill a patient or for a physician and pharmacist to supply a lethal drug so that a patient can kill himself.

This is a vitally important point. Physician assisted suicide violates the Hippocratic Oath and its primary commitment to do no harm. Assisted suicide is totally incompatible with the practice of medicine.

In addition, legalizing assisted suicide undermines the viability of suicide prevention efforts by sending a mixed societal message, namely, that there are situations in which suicide is acceptable.

I want to be clear: suicide is not the answer, no matter what the situation. Please reach out for help. You’re not alone. Confidential help is available for free. The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is available 24/7 at 1-800-273-TALK (8255).

Make no mistake, behind the push for assisted suicide is a powerful, well organized, well funded, and highly manipulative campaign.

One must ignore the false rhetoric, the clawing propaganda, used by the death-by-drugs advocates. Terms like “death with dignity” and “compassion in dying” are meant to obscure the fact that these death-march ideologues are targeting the doctor to become an instrument of death.

Ultimately, assisted suicide leaves some of the most vulnerable among us unprotected. How long will it be before for-profit healthcare and insurance companies see physician assisted suicide as an inexpensive alternative to providing services to those whose treatment is most expensive?

And physician assisted suicide heightens the risk of coercion by family or friends who seek financial gain and other benefits to those left behind. In fact, Dr. Dreisbach points out that under California law, “heirs and the owners of caregiving facilities [are allowed] to formally witness such requests [for assisted suicide], even though the probate code does not even accept ‘interested’ parties as witnesses to a will.” This is why he and five other physicians have sued to try and block California’s assisted suicide law on equal protection grounds.

Equal protection is not a mindless bumper-sticker slogan. It is a pillar of state and federal constitutions and must not be corrupted. Under the law, equal protection must apply not only to the healthy and able but to the most vulnerable—the unhealthy, the disabled, the elderly—and all who might fall victim to those peddling physician-assisted killing.

If you have access to the Wall Street Journal, I encourage you to read the entire piece: “Why Are They Trying to Make Us Kill Our Patients?” by Philip B. Dreisbach, July 24, 2016  

Wall Street Journal, please make this article freely available to everyone!

For more on assisted suicide and euthanasia see our statement, “Why the CBC Opposes Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia,” and download our one page PDF, “What’s Wrong with Physician Assisted Suicide?

 

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New Survey Reveals Americans Wary of Faking Life

A number of outlets are reporting this week on a new survey that reveals a wariness among American adults toward biotechnologies that can be used for enhancement purposes. The survey of 4,700 adults also involved six focus groups to allow researchers to delve into the reasons behind the survey responses.

The main takeaways from the survey are (1) Americans in general are concerned—many are deeply concerned—about the use of biotechnologies for enhancement purposes (rather than for therapeutic or restorative purposes), (2) there is an expectation that scientists will keep pushing ahead with new biotechnologies even when the technologies and their effects are not completely or clearly understood, and (3) people’s views on all this are heavily influenced by their religious views.

In my view, this wariness is a good thing. It presents an opportunity to discuss the distinction between enhancement and therapy, which is a societal conversation that is long overdue. The President’s Council on Bioethics took up this topic in 2002-2003, and their work and report, Beyond Therapy: Biotechnology and the Pursuit of Happiness, are as relevant now as ever (and available in full for free online!).

Second, there are indeed scientists who push ahead without fully understanding the technologies and their effects. To some degree, of course, this is a necessary aspect of the scientific process—hypothesize, test, evaluate; re-hypothesize, test again, and so on—so I do not want to be overly critical of the general concept. But among scientists there needs to be more attention to ethics, seeking to better understand not only the consequences of the science, but also the deeper beliefs and the larger moral imperatives that are part of our shared humanity. In addition, a fully transparent process of ethical reflection on biotechnological development and implementation is necessary.

You may recall that last year the CBC staff attended a conference entitled “BEINGS 2015: Biotech and the Ethical Imagination” where we heard Harvard Professor Steven Pinker argue that the guiding principle of ethics should be, and I quote, “stay out of the way.” This sentiment has no place in science or biotech, and should have been widely and roundly denounced. I am not aware that it has been. That is a real problem.

On the third point, I am not surprised to hear that religious views are a large factor in people’s attitudes. Belief that there is someone or something outside of and beyond us who, as many believe, actively seeks a relationship with us, does indeed alter the ways in which we perceive the world, and our perspective on the kinds of things we are and are not to pursue. Such a perspective should point to considerations beyond a simple calculation of benefits and burdens, that is, beyond questions of, “does this more or less work out okay most of the time?”

Ethicist and theologian Paul Ramsey wrote in The Patient as Person some 45 years ago:

There may be valuable scientific knowledge which it is morally impossible to obtain. There may be truths which would be of great and lasting benefit to mankind if they could be discovered, but which cannot be discovered without systematic and sustained violations of legitimate moral imperatives.

If we forget this, or if we intentionally move away from it, we do so at our own peril.

As the headline of this post indicates, much of this falls under the heading of Faking Life. This is an area of particular interest to me, and I am working on adding to and fleshing out our CBC resources on the topic. Look for much more on this from me in the coming weeks and months.

 

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How Much Further Down the Road of Artifice Should We Travel?

The cover story in July 4 edition of Time magazine examines the gene editing technique known as CRISPR. The article is helpful for understanding the basics of the science of CRISPR, and it raises a number of the ethical issues involved—the unknowns of heritable genetic changes, the potential for weaponization, imperfections in the technique itself.

But all of these ethical issues are framed only around their consequences. That is to say, the ethics raised are only utilitarian, only “risk-benefit balances.”

There seems to be no space in the article for raising other ethical questions about whether experimenting on human embryos in a lab is right or wrong. There is a parenthetical mention that experimentation on human embryos beyond 14 days is prohibited in the UK, and mention that the only laws regarding human embryo experimentation in the US have to do with whether government funds may be used, but no deeper examination of why these (minimal) restrictions are in place.

Indeed, according to the author of the piece, an embryo is “an egg that has been fertilized by a sperm but hasn’t yet begun the cell division that eventually leads to a person.” This is stated as simple fact, subjected to no larger examination of varying perspectives, nor raising questions about where the notion of separating human embryo from person came from or if it is in any way appropriate.

There is no examination of the ethics not only of designing our offspring, but indeed of manufacturing embryos, that is, of making rather than begetting. This ethical conversation seems to have been decided. And the decision is that it does not matter; making children is either no different than, or on a utilitarian basis is better than, begetting.

But what have we lost? How has the shift from begetting to making children changed humanity? I submit that we do not know because we—broadly as a society—have given it hardly a minute’s thought.

And yet, as Brent Waters pointed out at our Ramsey Dinner this year, “Ramsey warned that it is perilous to transform the natural procreation of children into reproductive projects, for in the latter, offspring are effectively reduced to artifacts of the parents’ will; children are made rather than begotten.”

Why is this perilous? Because the relationship between maker and made is far different than a relationship based on the equality of being, and of being only human. He warned that the value of humans cannot be increased by presumably making them more desirable, but rather, humans are to be cherished simply for who they are. Ramsey’s voice still beckons us to ponder how much further down the road of artifice should we travel.

This is not a utilitarian argument, but rather a relational one. What is the relationship between parent and child? Between begetter and begotten? Between maker and made? When, how, in what ways, to what degree can and should science and medicine step into (step in between) this relationship? What are the limits? Why are those limits important? These are vital questions. Who will ask them? Who will answer them?

How much further down the road of artifice should we travel? This is a key question Time doesn’t ask. The question asked instead is merely, what is the risk-benefit balance? This is a great failure.


 

There may be valuable scientific knowledge which it is morally impossible to obtain. There may be truths which would be of great and lasting benefit to mankind if they could be discovered, but which cannot be discovered without systematic and sustained violations of legitimate moral imperatives.
— Paul Ramsey, The Patient as Person

Paul Ramsey presenting the Ashley Lectures at NYU,
March 25, 1958, courtesy of the Ramsey family

 
 

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Physicians Aren’t Supposed to Kill their Patients

With the California legislature currently debating the legalization of physician assisted suicide, it’s significant that today’s Los Angeles Times profiles Dr. Ira Byock, the author of a number of books on end of life issues including Dying Well and The Four Things That Matter Most.

In the profile Byock says:

Physicians aren’t supposed to kill their patients.

Even with safeguards in place, assisted suicide puts vulnerable people at risk.

Approving the practice [of physician assisted suicide] sends a message that it makes more sense for the medical system to kill people than to do the hard work it must to make end-of-life care more effective and humane.

Compassion and Choices has created new meanings for the word ‘dignity:’ You have to die with your boots or your makeup on to be dignified. That makes me cringe. I think it’s an exercise in marketing that is devoid of social value.

As I say, it’s significant that the Los Angeles Times has published this profile. But I cannot help but wonder if this profile and these ideas will get the hearing they deserve.

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A Celebration of Devastation

The Hollywood Reporter has a story out with the provocative (clickbait?) title, “23 HOLLYWOOD MOMS WITH SAME SPERM DONOR AND ONE CRAZY VACATION.” I call it clickbait because that’s not what the article is about at all.

Instead, the article is a celebration of all the uses to which reproductive technologies can be put, and indeed the uses to which they are being put in Los Angeles area fertility clinics.

There is so much wrong here. It’s difficult to know where to begin.

  • Pick the eye color!
  • “It’s like online dating, only you don’t have to have a relationship with the person.”
  • “Bloating was the biggest downside,” says an egg donor named Sara.
  • It’s common for couples to seek out a donor who resembles them to “pass” — letting family, friends and the kids themselves believe they are the genetic parents. Several Westside fertility doctors say that about half their patients plan to keep their offspring’s origins under wraps; Steinberg estimates 70 percent of his patients do.
  • Oddly perhaps, hiring a stranger to carry a child for you has become less taboo than buying an egg.

This may be the most egregious single paragraph in the entire thing, although the competition is stiff:

Genetically testing the embryos, known as preimplantation genetic diagnosis, or PGD, is one way to stack the odds in favor of a pregnancy. Nearly every embryo that Steinberg transfers has been tested to confirm that it has the correct number of chromosomes; other tests confirm the lack of certain inheritable-disease genes such as BRCA, the breast cancer gene that Angelina Jolie carries. Steinberg says PGD reduces miscarriages: “What that’s done is eliminate Down syndrome. We can’t guarantee a perfect baby, but we can guarantee that anything you’re concerned about isn’t there.” (Including the wrong eye color: In 2009, after admonishment from the Vatican and the medical community, Steinberg stopped allowing parents to choose their babies’ blues — the most popular color — but quietly started up again with 15 infants last year: “There’s a huge interest. Even when we retracted, the emails just kept coming in.”)

Beyond the “admonishment from the Vatican and the medical community,” which, notably, has had no lasting effect, the only hint in the article that any of this raises ethical questions is in a passive parenthetical statement: “(it is considered unethical for embryos to be bought or sold).”

The view the article puts forward, then, is that outright buying and selling of embryos may or may not actually be unethical. It is simply considered unethical. All the rest of it is to be celebrated.

Our trilogy of films addresses nearly every single item this article celebrates, demonstrating how so much of what is celebrated is in reality devastating, both physically and emotionally.

This is why we continue to so loudly proclaim: children are not products to be designed and simply discarded when found to be less than perfect or other than desired. Children are precious gifts to be lovingly received. Adult desires should never trump the needs of children. Secrets about origins are land mines, constantly threatening to tear families apart. Women should not be used for their eggs or wombs, paid off as if they are nothing more than members of a breeding class.

Stop Eggsploitation. Stop Surrogacy Now. Tell The Truth. Children Are Not Commodities. Women Are Not Breeders.

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Top Ten Posts (#4) #TBT

We’re using #TBT (Throw Back Thursday) to count down the top ten all time most popular posts here at CBC-Network.org.

This week’s entry, #4, is Wesley Smith’s examination of the core beliefs and goals of transhumanism.

From “The Trouble with Transhumanism”

For those who may not know, transhumanism is a Utopian social movement and philosophy that looks toward a massive breakthrough in technological prowess, known as “the singularity,” that will open the door for transhumanists to “seize control of human evolution” and create a “post human species” of near immortals. Don’t roll your eyes. Transhumanists believe in their ageless post human future with a desperate passion that borders on—and often serves as a substitute for—religious faith.

In the media this movement is largely seen as benign, but Wesley digs beneath the surface and points to ways in which their beliefs and their goals are anything but harmless. No doubt such a counter perspective is a large part of the reason why “The Trouble with Transhumanism” is such a popular article here on our site.

 

Top Ten Most Popular Posts
10. “Babies without Sex” by Jennifer Lahl, March 2012
9. The Giver and Our Not So Dystopian Society” by Christopher White, August 2014
8. “Money Changes Everything” by Jennifer Lahl, May 2012
7. “Message to Governor Bobby Jindal: Women are Mothers not Breeders,” May 2014
6. “Experience of an Anonymous Egg Donor,” April 2010
5. “Thinking About Donating Your Eggs? Think Again,” February 2010
4. “The Trouble with Transhumanism” by Wesley Smith, August 2011
3. 12/11/2014
2. 12/18/2014
1. 12/25/2014

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Top Ten Posts (#5) #TBT

We’re using #TBT (Throw Back Thursday) to count down the top ten all time most popular posts here at CBC-Network.org.

This week’s entry, #5, is a warning and plea on egg donation.

From “Thinking About Donating Your Eggs? Think Again”

The egg donation process is inherently risky, from beginning to end. What are those risks? Stroke, organ failure, infection, cancer, loss of future fertility, and in rare instances, even death. Sadly, longer-term risks remain a mystery, let alone properly understood, because of the lack of any long-term medical research or follow-ups on egg donors.

With all of the high pressure and high-dollar marketing, the fact that this is the 5th most popular post on our site is testimony to the fact that people still go in search of the full story when thinking about donating—or selling—their eggs.

And maybe it doesn’t hurt that it has one of our best custom graphics. Click through to read the full article and to see the graphic.

 

Top Ten Most Popular Posts
10. “Babies without Sex” by Jennifer Lahl, March 2012
9. The Giver and Our Not So Dystopian Society” by Christopher White, August 2014
8. “Money Changes Everything” by Jennifer Lahl, May 2012
7. “Message to Governor Bobby Jindal: Women are Mothers not Breeders,” May 2014
6. “Experience of an Anonymous Egg Donor,” April 2010
5. “Thinking About Donating Your Eggs? Think Again,” February 2010
4. 12/04/2014
3. 12/11/2014
2. 12/18/2014
1. 12/25/2014

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Top Ten Posts (#6) #TBT

As I’m sure you know by now, we’re using #TBT (Throw Back Thursday) to count down the top ten all time most popular posts here at CBC-Network.org.

This week’s entry, #6, is an egg donor’s first-person account of her experience.

From “Experience of an Anonymous Egg Donor:”

I volunteered to harvest eggs for a friend, whose ovaries had ceased producing eggs in her early 30’s. She bought donated sperm from a California university sperm bank several years prior to my egg harvest and was being counseled about infertility options. This was not an “eggs for money” contract. I volunteered without a compensation obligation.

Continue reading to hear the story of all that happened after that. While this was an altruistic donation, with no money involved as compensation, consider ways in which the prospect of $10,000 to $100,000 might obscure the very real dangers of egg donation.

This is an issue about which we at the CBC-Network care deeply, and we are thankful that stories like this resonate with people enough that it is one of the top ten most viewed posts on our site.

 

Top Ten Most Popular Posts
10. “Babies without Sex” by Jennifer Lahl, March 2012
9. The Giver and Our Not So Dystopian Society” by Christopher White, August 2014
8. “Money Changes Everything” by Jennifer Lahl, May 2012
7. “Message to Governor Bobby Jindal: Women are Mothers not Breeders,” May 2014
6. “Experience of an Anonymous Egg Donor,” April 2010
5. 11/27/2014
4. 12/04/2014
3. 12/11/2014
2. 12/18/2014
1. 12/25/2014

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Just the Sort of Contracts the Left Usually Condemns

Allow me to draw your attention to a recent article from The Week that addresses the issue of surrogacy from a politically left/progressive/liberal perspective.

Briefly stated, the argument of “Why the Left Should Oppose Commercial Surrogacy” is one based in principles of economic justice: commercial surrogacy “invariably involves wealthy couples renting poorer women’s bodies.”

Leftists have long argued that the morality of an economic arrangement cannot rest solely on the apparent consent of the parties to a contract. Even if a man consents to sweatshop wages, he is probably doing so out of an economic desperation that limits his freedom in a way not felt by his employer. Therefore, progressives argue, some contracts are immoral—namely those that exploit the powerlessness of the underprivileged. It is the role of government, then, to make such contracts unenforceable, and in so doing to equalize as much as possible the unfairness that can rend society.

Commercial surrogacy arrangements are just the sort of contracts that the left usually rightly condemns.

The argument highlights a much neglected fact about surrogacy that vividly demonstrates the economic injustice inherent to such arrangements:

very poor women are not generally surrogates—not because they don’t want to be, but because surrogacy agencies (and, by extension, their clients) don’t want them to be. Instead, there’s a sweet spot in the lower middle class in which the women are well-off enough to be desirable surrogates, but not well-off enough that renting their bodies to rich people is off the table.

The article concludes with a strong call for those on the left to oppose commercial surrogacy:

We need a faction standing up loudly and comprehensively for the poor, the exploited, the underprivileged.

This is an important piece that helps add to the multitude of reasons that surrogacy in all its forms should be opposed.

#StopSurrogacyNow

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Top Ten Posts (#9) #TBT

We’re using #TBT (Throw Back Thursday) to count down the top 10 all time most popular posts here at CBC-Network.org.

This week’s entry, #9, is the most recently posted of the top 10. Only two months ago, Christopher White, CBC Director of Research and Education, wrote a review of the film The Giver, which quickly took off.

It’s little wonder why. The Giver was a highly anticipated film adaptation of a very popular piece of literature. Christopher’s review situated the film in our current bioethical context, namely “the desire for perfection when creating children through surrogacy or other forms of third party reproduction,” which is reflected in current controversies such as the Baby Gammy case.

In the end, the case Christopher makes is that while The Giver was intended to show what the future might hold, it actually highlights sad features of what has indeed come to be.

10. “Babies without Sex” by Jennifer Lahl, March 2012
9. The Giver and Our Not So Dystopian Society” by Christopher White, August 2014
8. 11/06/2014
7. 11/13/2014
6. 11/20/2014
5. 11/27/2014
4. 12/04/2014
3. 12/11/2014
2. 12/18/2014
1. 12/25/2014

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